William Shakespeare
Život [upraviť]
William Shakespeare sa narodil ako tretí z ôsmich detí. Jeho otec bol v Stratforde považovaný za významného muža. Shakespeare pravdepodobne navštevoval Gymnázium Eduarda VI. v Stratforde. Ako osemnásťročný sa oženil s Anne Hathwayovou. Anne bola dcérou farmára zo Shothery a svadba sa konala neobvykle rýchlo. Dôvodom bolo zrejme Annine tehotenstvo. V roku 1583 sa im totiž narodila dcéra Susanna (pokrstená 27. mája) a v roku 1585 prišli na svet dvojčatá Hamnet a Judith. Shakespearov jediný syn, ktorého meno pripomína aj jedna z jeho najslávnejších hier, Hamlet, však zomrel v mladom veku.
Nie je známe, kedy a prečo sa Shakespeare rozhodol odísť zo Stratfordu do Londýna, ani čo bolo impulzom k jeho londýnskej kariére herca a dramatika. Shakespeare sa stal členom jednej z dvoch najznámejších divadelných skupín v Londýne, a po menej úspešnej kariére herca sa stal populárnym autorom dramatických textov. Zachovalo sa 18 divadelných hier, no Shakespeare ani jednu z nich neautorizoval. Dnešné súborné vydania jeho hier obsahujú 37 až 39 dramatických textov. Okrem toho sa venoval písaniu poém a sonetov. Sonety sú čiastočne adresované tajomnej žene, tzv. čiernej dáme, a čiastočne neznámemu mužovi.
Posledné roky svojho života Shakespeare strávil v rodnom Stratforde. Zomrel vo veku 52 rokov, 23. apríla (v predpokladaný deň jeho narodenia) v roku 1616. Jeho kolegovia herci a dramatici z Londýna sedem rokov po jeho smrti (1623) publikovali vyše 900-stranové súborné vydanie jeho hier (36 hier) a neskorší vydavatelia do tzv. shakespearovského kánonu pridali ešte jednu, resp. tri ďalšie hry. Vďaka súbornému vydaniu z roku 1623 sa jeho dielo zachovalo do dnešných čias. Shakespeare je pochovaný v oltárišti kostola Holy Trinity Church v mestečku Stratford-upon-Avon. Na stene neďaleko Shakespearovho hrobu je umiestnená jeho busta.
Vraví sa, že Shakespeare si sám napísal i epitaf na svoj pomník:
- "Drahý priateľu, pre Kristove rany, nevykop
- nikdy piesok, ktorý skrýva tento hrob.
- Kto tento hrob zachová, nech Boh ho omilostí,
- a nech je preklínaný, kto pohne mojou kostrou."
Tvorba
Množstvo Shakespearových hier sa všeobecne považuje za jedny z najlepších hier v anglickom jazyku a západnej literatúry. Písal najmä tragédie, historické hry, komédie a romance, ktoré boli preložené do takmer všetkých svetových jazykov.
Shakespearove hry sa zvyčajne rozdeľujú do troch hlavných období:
- rané obdobie - rané komédie a historické hry (napr. "Sen noci svätojánskej" a "Henry IV", časť 1)
- stredné obdobie - zahŕňa jeho najznámejšie tragédie Othello, "Rómeo a Júlia", "Macbeth", "Hamlet" a "Kráľ Lear"
- neskoré obdobie - napr. "Zimná rozprávka" a "Búrka".
Bibliografia
Komédie
- Dvaja šlachtici z Verony (The Two Gentlemen of Verona)
- Veselé panie windsorské (The Merry Wives of Windsor)
- Oko za oko (Measure for Measure)
- Komédia omylov (The Comedy of Errors)
- Mnoho kriku pre nič (Much Ado About Nothing)
- Márna lásky snaha (Love's Labour's Lost)
- Sen noci svätojánskej (A Midsummer Night's Dream)
- Kupec benátsky (The Merchant of Venice)
- Ako sa vám páči (As You Like It)
- Skrotenie zlej ženy (Taming of the Shrew) (v novších prekladoch Skrotenie čertice)
- Koniec všetko napraví (All's Well That Ends Well)
- Večer trojkráľový alebo Čo len chcete (Twelfth Night or What You Will)
Hry historické
- Kráľ Ján (King John)
- Richard II. (Richard II)
- Henrich IV., prvý diel (Henry IV, part 1)
- Henrich IV., druhý diel (Henry IV, part 2)
- Henrich V. (Henry V)
- Henrich VI., prvý diel (Henry IV, part 1)
- Henrich VI., druhý diel (Henry IV, part 2)
- Henrich VI., tretí diel (Henry IV, part 3)
- Richard III. (Richard III)
- Henrich VIII. (Henry VIII)
Tragédie
- Troilos a Cressida (Troilus and Cressida)
- Coriolanus (Coriolanus)
- Titus Andronicus (Titus Andronicus)
- Rómeo a Júlia (Romeo and Juliet)
- Timon Aténsky (Timon of Athens)
- Julius Caesar (Julius Caesar)
- Macbeth (Macbeth)
- Hamlet (Hamlet)
- Kráľ Lear (King Lear)
- Othello (Othello)
- Antonius a Kleopatra (Antony and Cleopatra)
Hry
- Búrka (Shakespeare) (The Tempest)
- Cymbelin (Cymbeline)
- Zimná rozprávka (The Winter's Tale)
- Perikles, kráľ tyrský (Pericles, King of Tyre)
- Dvaja vznešení príbuzní (Two Noble Kinsmen)
Literatúra
- Muž ktorý sa volal Shakespeare, Konrad Haemmerling, Slovenský spisovateľ, Bratislava, 1961
- Bžochová-Wild, Jana : "Hamlet: dobrodružstvo textu". ISBN 80-88897-06-8 LCA Levice 1998.
- Bžochová-Wild, Jana: "Úvod do shakespearovského divadla." ISBN 80-88987-11-3 Divadelný ústav a Kalligram Bratislava, 1999.
- Bžochová-Wild, Jana: "Začarovaný ostrov? Shakespearova Búrka inak." ISBN 80-7185-669-X Divadelný ústav Bratislava, 2003.
- Dunton-Downerová, L. a Riding, A.: "Shakespeare. Základná príručka." ISBN 80-551-1291-6 Preložila Jana Bžochová-Wild. Ikar Bratislava, 2006.
William Shakespeare | |
---|---|
![]() anglický spisovateľ a dramatik |
|
Narodenie | apríl 1564 Stratford-upon-Avon, Anglicko |
Úmrtie | 23. apríl 1616 Stratford-upon-Avon, Anglicko |
Podpis | ![]() |
|
Komentáře
Přehled komentářů
Every weekend i used to go to see this website, as i want enjoyment, for the reason that this this website conations genuinely good funny material too. knutpunktens blommor i helsingborg ab öppettider kerpo.sewomenpriz.com/relaxation/knutpunktens-blommor-i-helsingborg-ab-oeppettider.php
creme efficace contre les rides
(creme efficace contre les rides, 3. 2. 2021 23:45)
Wow! Finally I got a blog from where I know how to actually take valuable data concerning my study and knowledge. creme efficace contre les rides chera.sewomenpriz.com/advice-girlfriends/creme-efficace-contre-les-rides.php
ont i pungen höger sida
(ont i pungen höger sida, 2. 2. 2021 15:14)
Howdy, i read your blog occasionally and i own a similar one and i was just curious if you get a lot of spam responses? If so how do you reduce it, any plugin or anything you can suggest? I get so much lately it's driving me crazy so any support is very much appreciated. ont i pungen höger sida quat.prizezwom.com/skin-care/ont-i-pungen-hoeger-sida.php
linne herr rea
(linne herr rea, 2. 2. 2021 10:49)
I got this web page from my friend who told me on the topic of this web site and at the moment this time I am browsing this site and reading very informative articles or reviews here. linne herr rea kieli.wommmewt.com/for-women/linne-herr-rea.php
lava trendy gryta
(lava trendy gryta, 2. 2. 2021 5:01)
I all the time used to study piece of writing in news papers but now as I am a user of internet so from now I am using net for posts, thanks to web. lava trendy gryta esiz.wommmewt.com/for-women/lava-trendy-gryta.php
mat efter gym
(mat efter gym, 1. 2. 2021 22:48)
I was able to find good information from your blog articles. mat efter gym prefal.wommmewt.com/skin-care/mat-efter-gym.php
loreal ombre pris
(loreal ombre pris, 1. 2. 2021 16:47)
It's a shame you don't have a donate button! I'd definitely donate to this brilliant blog! I guess for now i'll settle for bookmarking and adding your RSS feed to my Google account. I look forward to fresh updates and will share this website with my Facebook group. Chat soon! loreal ombre pris dive.sewomenpriz.com/decorations/loreal-ombre-pris.php
faux tan face
(faux tan face, 1. 2. 2021 13:41)
I like the helpful info you provide to your articles. I will bookmark your weblog and take a look at again here frequently. I'm reasonably sure I will be informed many new stuff proper here! Good luck for the following! faux tan face glosi.prizezwom.com/trends/faux-tan-face.php
tacos lchf bröd
(tacos lchf bröd, 1. 2. 2021 5:33)
Hello, I enjoy reading through your article. I wanted to write a little comment to support you. tacos lchf bröd qouiri.womeddse.com/delicious-dishes/tacos-lchf-broed.php
domningar i fingrar
(domningar i fingrar, 31. 1. 2021 23:09)
Howdy would you mind sharing which blog platform you're working with? I'm looking to start my own blog soon but I'm having a tough time deciding between BlogEngine/Wordpress/B2evolution and Drupal. The reason I ask is because your design seems different then most blogs and I'm looking for something completely unique. P.S My apologies for getting off-topic but I had to ask! domningar i fingrar edmet.womeddse.com/news/domningar-i-fingrar.php
whey 80 användning
(whey 80 användning, 31. 1. 2021 13:11)
I absolutely love your blog and find a lot of your post's to be just what I'm looking for. Do you offer guest writers to write content for you personally? I wouldn't mind creating a post or elaborating on a few of the subjects you write related to here. Again, awesome web site! whey 80 användning alphos.womeddse.com/skin-care/whey-80-anvaendning.php
hur får man vita tänder
(hur får man vita tänder, 31. 1. 2021 10:23)
Can I simply say what a relief to find an individual who genuinely knows what they are talking about over the internet. You actually understand how to bring a problem to light and make it important. A lot more people really need to read this and understand this side of your story. I can't believe you're not more popular since you certainly have the gift. hur får man vita tänder isrre.prizezwom.com/decorations/hur-fr-man-vita-taender.php
centrum hårsalong sala
(centrum hårsalong sala, 31. 1. 2021 0:34)
Fantastic beat ! I wish to apprentice at the same time as you amend your site, how can i subscribe for a weblog site? The account helped me a applicable deal. I were a little bit acquainted of this your broadcast provided vibrant clear concept centrum hårsalong sala laca.womeddse.com/delicious-dishes/centrum-hrsalong-sala.php
skin tightening resultat
(skin tightening resultat, 30. 1. 2021 9:16)
Heya just wanted to give you a brief heads up and let you know a few of the pictures aren't loading properly. I'm not sure why but I think its a linking issue. I've tried it in two different web browsers and both show the same outcome. skin tightening resultat sappw.clicdi.se/for-men/skin-tightening-resultat.php
falu kommun växel
(falu kommun växel, 30. 1. 2021 2:51)
Good day! I could have sworn I've visited this web site before but after browsing through some of the posts I realized it's new to me. Nonetheless, I'm certainly pleased I discovered it and I'll be bookmarking it and checking back frequently! falu kommun växel slics.clicdi.se/news/falu-kommun-vaexel.php
st tropez bronzing mousse
(st tropez bronzing mousse, 29. 1. 2021 19:41)
Hey I know this is off topic but I was wondering if you knew of any widgets I could add to my blog that automatically tweet my newest twitter updates. I've been looking for a plug-in like this for quite some time and was hoping maybe you would have some experience with something like this. Please let me know if you run into anything. I truly enjoy reading your blog and I look forward to your new updates. st tropez bronzing mousse nivol.clicdi.se/beauty/st-tropez-bronzing-mousse.php
förstora läpparna pris
(förstora läpparna pris, 29. 1. 2021 0:11)
Right here is the right site for everyone who wishes to understand this topic. You realize a whole lot its almost hard to argue with you (not that I really would want to…HaHa). You definitely put a new spin on a subject that has been discussed for a long time. Great stuff, just great! förstora läpparna pris prinu.clicdi.se/decorations/foerstora-laepparna-pris.php
guess butik stockholm
(guess butik stockholm, 28. 1. 2021 9:50)
Wonderful blog! Do you have any tips for aspiring writers? I'm planning to start my own website soon but I'm a little lost on everything. Would you propose starting with a free platform like Wordpress or go for a paid option? There are so many options out there that I'm completely overwhelmed .. Any recommendations? Kudos! guess butik stockholm terep.clicdi.se/useful-tips/guess-butik-stockholm.php
fetaost och spenatpaj
(fetaost och spenatpaj, 28. 1. 2021 0:27)
I am in fact grateful to the holder of this website who has shared this fantastic article at here. fetaost och spenatpaj clicdi.se/skin-care/fetaost-och-spenatpaj.php
Toils my resolved
(ZFJames, 17. 1. 2021 3:37)
Hello! Recently on our forum? Listen, the question is, do you meet girls? We recently had a great meeting and they gave me your nickname. I live near you. Can we move on to a personal conversation? Here, for example, how do you like the idea? Or are you not ready to meet yet?
https://get-your-sexy-now4.com/?u=xh6pd0d&o=bxzky9g
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45
knutpunktens blommor i helsingborg ab öppettider
(knutpunktens blommor i helsingborg ab öppettider, 4. 2. 2021 14:04)